Tag: adverse effects

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Valsartan Pharmacology Podcast

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On this podcast episode, I discuss valsartan pharmacology, adverse effects, drug interactions, and much more.

Valsartan is a fairly common ARB. I mostly see losartan and valsartan used as the most common ARBs in hypertension management.

Valsartan has a longer half-life than losartan which is why we can often get away with once daily dosing compared to losartan which sometimes requires twice daily.

Hyperkalemia is a major concern with ARBs like valsartan. Trimethoprim and spironolactone are two medications that can increase this risk.

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Famotidine Pharmacology Podcast

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On this podcast episode, I discuss famotidine pharmacology, adverse effects, uses, and drug interactions.

Famotidine is generally pretty well tolerated, but one thing I look out for with chronic use is B12 deficiency.

Famotidine is eliminated by the kidney so you should pay attention to the dose in patients with CKD.

Famotidine is occasionally used as a pretreatment to help prevent infusion-type reactions for certain chemotherapy agents.

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Clonazepam Pharmacology Podcast

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On this podcast episode, I discuss clonazepam pharmacology, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, and drug interactions.

Clonazepam is a benzodiazepine that enhances the activity of GABA which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

It is important to try to avoid using benzodiazepines like clonazepam with opioids as it can increase the risk of respiratory depression and death.

Clonazepam is an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine that is only commercially available as an oral dosage form.

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Phentermine Pharmacology Podcast

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In this podcast episode, I break down the pharmacology, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, and drug interactions of phentermine.

Phentermine has some CNS stimulant activity so adverse effects like insomnia, hypertension, and tachycardia are possible.

Pay attention to drugs that can oppose the effects of phentermine and cause weight gain such as mirtazapine and sulfonylureas.

Phentermine is a controlled substance so the risk of addiction and dependence is possible.

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Glimepiride Pharmacology Podcast

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On this podcast episode, I discuss glimepiride pharmacology, adverse effects, hypoglycemia symptoms, and drug interactions.

CYP2C9 is an important enzyme in the breakdown of glimepiride. I discuss a few drugs that can cause interactions via this enzyme.

Renal function is important to consider with glimepiride. The active metabolites are cleared by the kidney and can accumulate in CKD.

Hypoglycemia and weight gain are problematic adverse effects of this medication and are the primary reasons it has fallen out of favor.

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Ceftriaxone Pharmacology

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On this episode, I discuss ceftriaxone pharmacology, adverse effect, coverage, and drug interactions. Ceftriaxone is currently a drug of choice for the STI Gonorrhea. Pyrls.com has an amazing chart on all the STIs and their drugs of choice that you can get for free when you sign up for a free account!

Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin that is used for numerous indications such as pneumonia, meningitis, gonorrhea, and many more.

It is important to remember that ceftriaxone can cover many staph and strep species but it does NOT cover MRSA.

Ceftriaxone does have some risks, particularly in pediatric patients. I discuss elevated bilirubin and calcium binding risks in the podcast.

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Ticagrelor Pharmacology

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On this episode, I discuss ticagrelor pharmacology, adverse effects, and important drug interactions.

Ticagrelor has a warning with regards to the use of aspirin. Higher doses of aspirin can impair the effectiveness of ticagrelor and I discuss this further on this episode.

Bleeding is the major adverse effect from ticagrelor and naturally, hematocrit and hemoglobin are important monitoring parameters.

I discuss CYP3A4 drug interactions on this episode and how it may affect ticagrelor.

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Prednisolone Pharmacology

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I mentioned prednisolone to prednisone conversion in this podcast. Please go check out Pyrls.com for a free steroid conversion downloadable PDF with a free account!

On this episode, I discuss prednisolone (Orapred, Pediapred) pharmacology, adverse effects, practice pearls, and drug interactions.

Prednisolone is a systemic corticosteroid that can cause insomnia, elevations in blood sugars, and numerous effects if used long-term.

CYP3A4 is an important enzyme in the breakdown of prednisolone. Inhibitors or inducers may raise or lower drug levels respectively.

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Ropinirole Pharmacology

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Ropinirole (Requip) is a dopamine agonist that can be used in Parkinson’s disease and Restless Legs Syndrome.

Dopamine agonists like ropinirole can worsen psychiatric symptoms in some patients by causing hallucinations, and obsessive/compulsive symptoms.

Nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and fatigue are the most common adverse effects of ropinirole.

Ropinirole has drug interactions with antipsychotics and CYP1A2 inhibitors. I discuss these in greater detail in this podcast episode.

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Canagliflozin Pharmacology

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Canagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor. I discuss the pharmacology, dosing, adverse effects, and drug interactions of this medication.

Canagliflozin reduces blood sugar, by facilitating its exit through the urine. This can increase the risk of genitourinary infections.

A diuresis type effect can happen due to canagliflozin and this effect may be exacerbated by the use of thiazide and loop diuretics.

Hyperkalemia has been reported with the use of canagliflozin; the risk for this is increased with the use of medications like ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and aldosterone antagonists.

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