Tag: adverse effects

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March 27, 2025March 17, 2025

Benazepril Pharmacology Podcast

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Benazepril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, reducing vasoconstriction.

Combining benazepril with potassium-sparing diuretics or potassium supplements increases the risk of hyperkalemia due to aldosterone suppression.

Common side effects of benazepril include dry cough, hyperkalemia, and hypotension due to its effect on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Benazepril can be prescribed alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, such as diuretics or calcium channel blockers, to enhance blood pressure control.

Benazepril has a long duration of action, allowing for once-daily dosing, which improves patient adherence and convenience in hypertension management.

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March 20, 2025March 16, 2025

Loratadine Pharmacology Podcasst

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On this podcast episode, I cover loratadine pharmacology, adverse effects, drug interactions, and much more.

Loratatdine is a second generation antihistamine. It has a lower incidence of central nervous system adverse effects compared to first-generation antihistamines like diphenhydramine.

Loratadine dosing varies in pediatric patients and those with renal impairment. I get into the details on this podcast episode.

Drug interactions aren’t common with loratadine but I discuss a few that may be clinically significant.

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March 13, 2025March 11, 2025

Modafinil Pharmacology Podcast

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Modafinil (Provigil) is a CNS stimulant medication. I cover modafinil pharmacology, adverse effects, drug interactions, and much more on this podcast episode.

You should be aware that modafinil is a Schedule 4 controlled substance so it does carry a risk of dependence and addiction.

Modafinil can cause CYP3A4 induction and lead to lowering the concentrations of many medications. This includes antiepileptic agents and oral contraceptives.

The most common adverse effects of modafinil include ramping up the body and causing symptoms such as anxiety and insomnia.

Cardiovascular changes are a risk with modafinil as this medication can contribute to hypertension and tachycardia.

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February 13, 2025February 1, 2025

Top 200 Drugs – Medications 181-185

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On this Real Life Pharmacology Podcast episode, we cover medications 181-185.

Proscar is the brand name for finasteride. This medication can be helpful in shrinking the size of the prostate but it does typically take a while to work (months).

Sinemet is a combination of carbidopa and levodopa. Levodopa is converted in the central nervous system to dopamine to help alleviate a shortage of dopamine in the brain.

Risedronate is a bisphosphonate medication that can be used in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Albuterol (Ventolin) is a short-acting beta-agonist that is used to relieve symptoms of acute respiratory distress most often associated with an asthma exacerbation.

Tramadol is classified as an opioid analgesic. It also has activity similar to SNRIs as it has the ability to increase serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain.

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February 6, 2025February 1, 2025

Top 200 Drugs – Medications 176-180

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Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that is often used in pediatrics. Hyperglycemia, insomnia, and GI upset are relatively common adverse effects.

Ibuprofen is a commonly used OTC pain reliever. It is classified as an NSAID and can increase GI bleed risk and exacerbate heart failure.

Aceon is the brand name for perindopril. ACE inhibitors are well known to cause drug induced cough and will cause hyperkalemia.

Trazodone is classified as an antidepressant but is frequently used to treat insomnia because of its sedative properties.

Pioglitazone is an oral anti-diabetes medication that should be avoided in patients with heart failure.

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January 9, 2025January 6, 2025

Top 200 Drugs – Medications 156-160

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Welcome back to the Real Life Pharmacology podcast! We are on the home stretch of the top 200 medications. This is meant to be a quicker refresher of some of the most important drugs you’ll come across in practice. Please be sure to go search the archives at RealLifePharmacology.com if you are looking for more information on one specific medication. We have over 300 individual episodes on specific drugs!

On this episode of the Top 200 medications, we’ve covered the medications below.

Niaspan (niacin) is vitamin B3 and may be used in patients who fail other therapies for triglyceride management.

Uroxatral (alfuzosin) is a selective alpha-blocker that can be helpful in relieving urinary retention symptoms in BPH.

Biaxin (clarithromycin) is a macrolide antibiotic that is notorious for many drug interactions because it inhibits CYP3A4.

Zomig (zolmitriptan) is a “triptan” medication that can be used for the acute relief of migraine headaches.

Invokana (canagliflozin) was one of the first SGLT2 inhibitors invented that can be used to lower blood sugar in type 2 diabetes.

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December 5, 2024December 6, 2024

Top 200 Drugs Podcast – Medications 131-135

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On this episode of the Top 200 drugs podcast from Real Life Pharmacology, I cover medications 131-135 which include enoxaparin, methylphenidate, rosuvastatin, denosumab, and dabigatran.

Enoxaparin is an injectable anticoagulant that can cause heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.

Methylphenidate is a stimulant medication that can be used to treat ADHD. Cardiovascular adverse effects are possible.

Rosuvastatin inhibits HMG-CoA Reductase which helps lower LDL in the management of hypercholesterolemia.

Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody that is indicated for osteoporosis and may cause hypocalcemia.

Dabigatran was one of the first direct oral anticoagulants to be produced. It is dosed twice daily and has warnings about use in patients over the age of 75.

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November 28, 2024November 27, 2024

Top 200 Drugs Podcast – Medications 126-130

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In this episode of the Top 200 Drugs Podcast, we cover medications 126-130.

Trastuzumab is a monoclonal antibody that can be used for breast cancer that expresses the HER2 protein.

Atripla is an HIV medication that contains three separate medications that are beneficial in reducing viral load.

Rivaroxaban is an anticoagulant that may be commonly used in the management of stroke and deep vein thrombosis.

Fioricet is a combination of three medications. Butalbital, acetaminophen, and caffeine are the three ingredients in this medication.

Insulin detemir is a long-acting insulin analog that lowers blood sugar. This medication is used to target fasting blood sugars.

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November 21, 2024December 6, 2024

Top 200 Drugs Podcast – Medications 121-125

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On the top 200 drugs podcast, we cover 5 more medications. The medications covered on today’s episode include; omalizumab, nitroglycerin, apixaban, gabapentin, and etanercept.

Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody used in moderate to severe asthma. It targets IgE-mediated asthma attacks and reactions. Anaphylaxis is a significant concern with the use of this medication.

Sublingual nitroglycerin is frequently used on an as needed basis for angina symptoms. I discuss major drug interactions and much more.

Apixaban is an anticoagulant used to prevent stroke in atrial fibrillation. It can also be used in DVT/PE treatment and prevention.

Gabapentin is classified as an antiepileptic agent but is most commonly used for neuropathic type pain.

Etanercept targets TNF alpha which plays an important role in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

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