Minocycline Pharmacology Podcast

Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic. I discuss pharmacology, adverse effects, and drug interactions.

Minocycline can cause sun sensitivity. Be sure to educate patients about this risk.

Metal cations like iron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium can bind minocycline and reduce the oral absorption of the medication.

Tooth discoloration is a possible adverse effect if minocycline is given to pediatric patients. I discuss it further in this episode.

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Propylthiouracil Pharmacology Podcast

In this podcast episode, I cover propylthiouracil pharmacology, adverse effect, drug interaction, and much more!

Propylthiouracil carries a boxed warning for hepatotoxicity which is a significant downside compared to the other agent in its class (methimazole).

What about dosing? I discuss why this medication has to be dosed multiple times per day.

Drug interactions aren’t incredibly common with propylthiouracil but it can affect warfarin differently than most drug interactions. I discuss it further in this episode.

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Brexpiprazole (Rexulti) Pharmacology Podcast

Brexpiprazole (Rexulti) is a second generation antipsychotic. I discuss its pharmacology, adverse effects, drug interactions, and more in this podcast episode.

I like to associate brexpiprazole with aripiprazole. They have a lot of overlapping characteristics, particularly in relation to the adverse effect profile.

Brexpiprazole tends to have a low incidence of metabolic adverse effects which makes it a nice selection for patients who have diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, or who are overweight.

CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 are the two primary enzymes that break down brexpiprazole. I discuss the pharmacogenomic considerations associated with this medication.

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Indapamide (Lozol) Pharmacology Podcast

On this episode, I discuss indapamide pharmacology, adverse effects, drug interactions, and pharmacokinetics.

I discuss how indapamide differs from other thiazide diuretics. Particularly, I discuss indapamide compared to hydrochlorothiazide.

Frequent urination, hypokalemia, and dehydration are all possible risks with indapamide.

Pay attention to medications that can increase the risk for acute renal failure when added to indapamide. NSAIDs, ACEIs, ARBs, and other diuretics can increase this risk.

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Tadalafil (Cialis) Pharmacology Podcast

On this episode, I discuss tadalafil pharmacology, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, and drug interactions.

Tadalafil has a significantly longer half-life than sildenafil. I discuss how this is going to impact a patient that may need a nitrate.

PDE-5 inhibitors like tadalafil are most commonly used for erectile dysfunction but I talk about other unique indications in the podcast.

Daily use or as-needed use of tadalafil are both acceptable options but there are some quirks you need to know with these two methods of use.

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Sitagliptin Pharmacology Podcast

Sitagliptin is a DPP4 inhibitor. I discuss the pharmacology of this medication on the podcast.

Which diabetes medication works similarly to sitagliptin? I discuss that further on this episode of the Real Life Pharmacology podcast.

Renal elimination plays a significant role with sitagliptin. I discuss how this impacts the appropriate dosing.

Cost is a significant issue with sitagliptin at this time. In addition, it’s A1C-lowering effects aren’t anything to write home about. I discuss how much it will lower A1C in this podcast episode.

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Gabapentin (Neurontin) Pharmacology Podcast

On this podcast episode, I discuss gabapentin (Neurontin) pharmacology, adverse effects, drug interactions, and much more!

Gabapentin’s GI absorption is a little wacky. I discuss on the podcast the clinical effects that this may have on our patients.

Renal elimination is critical to gabapentin. Worsening renal function will significantly impact the action of the drug.

CNS sedation can be a problem with gabapentin, especially in combination with other CNS depressants. I discuss this further on the podcast.

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Ranolazine (Ranexa) Pharmacology Podcast

Ranolazine is primarily used for chronic angina management. I discuss pharmacology, drug interactions, adverse effects, and more in this podcast episode.

Ranolazine is well known to have drug interactions. CYP3A4 is of major importance but there are other subtle drug interactions that are important.

QTc prolongation has been reported with ranolazine so it is important to recognize risk factors and other medications that may contribute to this concern.

Enzyme inducers like carbamazepine, phenytoin, and St. John’s wort are all associated with reducing the concentrations of ranolazine.

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Lorazepam (Ativan) Pharmacology Podcast

On this podcast episode, I discuss lorazepam (Ativan) pharmacology, adverse effects, and common drug interactions.

Lorazepam has numerous dosage forms and the IV formulation does contain propylene glycol which can accumulate if it is used for longer periods of time.

There is a boxed warning for lorazepam when it is used with opioids. The risk for opioid overdose, coma, and death increases significantly.

Lorazepam is an intermediate acting benzodiazpine. It’s half-life for most adult patients is in the 12-18 hour range.

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Valsartan Pharmacology Podcast

On this podcast episode, I discuss valsartan pharmacology, adverse effects, drug interactions, and much more.

Valsartan is a fairly common ARB. I mostly see losartan and valsartan used as the most common ARBs in hypertension management.

Valsartan has a longer half-life than losartan which is why we can often get away with once daily dosing compared to losartan which sometimes requires twice daily.

Hyperkalemia is a major concern with ARBs like valsartan. Trimethoprim and spironolactone are two medications that can increase this risk.

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